Volume 9 Issue 1

The paper addresses, from a logical and epistemological perspective, the concept of order, in general, and the concept of economic order, in particular. For this purpose, the phenomenological "window" is used by which the subject (both cognitive and praxiological) knows or ”creates” economic objects. From the methodological point of view, the study proceeds, first, to identify the predicates of sufficiency that the concept of order implies. Next, an epistemological mechanism for the detection, putting into evidence, and qualification of an empirically given economic order is introduced and qualitatively examined. The paper is maintained within an abstract approach, following which subsequent research directions establish relevant classes of economic orders, both from an intellectual perspective (that is, who uses the subject's intellect) and from a praxiological one (that is, who uses the sensitive ”endowments” of the subject).

Compare prices of hotels and flights, analyze the score of the most famous restaurants in the area, find information about the customs of the inhabitants of the place we are going to visit or locate the location of the hotel on a map. These are just some of the actions that any traveler performs today before leaving for their destination. Social networks, geolocation applications, information search engines, price comparison websites or online travel agencies have given way to a new tourism scenario, one of the sectors that has best known how to take advantage of the possibilities offered by the digital universe.

This paper discusses the changes of Taiwan stock index futures'(TF) return rate before and during COVID-19, using the nonlinear regression model to compare the differences as the explanatory variables including the time variable, MSCI Morgan Taiwan index, and Taiwan stock price index (TAIEX). We find that the three kinds of return rates do not satisfy the Normal distribution assumption of regression analysis. Then we follow Wang and Lee (2019) to run nonlinear regression to find the optimal nonlinear estimators. There are three results. One is that the time variable can grab the oscillations of TF's return rates before COVID-19 and the whole observation period. During COVID-19, the time variable did not display the oscillation effect of TF's return rates. In contrast, MSCI Morgan Taiwan index's return rates appeared the oscillation effect. Second, the return rates of TAIEX have invariable function form and coefficient sign. This implies that COVID-19 did not affect the positive association between the return rates of TF and TAIEX.

Switzerland is a federal state made up of twenty-six Cantons. This article studies the funding mechanisms of the Cantons and the solidarity they induce. The article is based on the rules and formula provided by the Swiss law and on calculations for the year 2020. This article highlights the redistributive character of the Swiss system of funding and even shows in some cases a paradox of revenues, some Cantons becoming wealthier than others which were initially wealthier.

Small, Medium and Micro-sized Enterprises (SMMEs) in South Africa continue to endure economic challenges in spite of their entrepreneurial activities and potential for growth. The study's purpose was to investigate the impact of business empowerment workshops on the growth of SMMEs towards radical economic transformation in a South African municipality. Small businesses continue to struggle in spite of being recognised as important contributors to growth in the country and have been on the national agenda since 1994. This study analysed the current state of small business in a particular municipality and examined initiatives to assist small businesses and their current obstacles, and what could be done to encourage small business growth. The study proposed to introduce ways on how growth could translate into improvements in the lives of workers and the community thereby reducing the unemployment rate in the province. There was a general agreement about funding opportunities becoming available after attending the workshops. A quantitative approach was utilised with the use of a survey questionnaire. One recommendation was the establishment of a special purpose fund invested through an insurance institution towards resuscitating SMMEs that face growth-related challenges.